Samarium (Sm)
MATERIAL
OVERVIEW
Samarskite, a mineral) Discovered spectroscopically by its sharp absorption lines in 1879 by Lecoq de Boisbaudran in the mineral samarskite, named in honor of a Russian mine official, Col. Samarski.
Samarium is found along with other members of the rare-earth elements in many minerals, including monazite and bastnasite, which are commercial sources. It occurs in monazite to the extent of 2.8%. While misch metal containing about 1% of samarium metal, has long been used, samarium has not been isolated in relatively pure form until recently. Ion-exchange and solvent extraction techniques have recently simplified separation of the rare earths from one another; more recently, electrochemical deposition, using an electrolytic solution of lithium citrate and a mercury electrode, is said to be a simple, fast, and highly specific way to separate the rare earths. Samarium metal can be produced by reducing the oxide with lanthanum.
Samarium has a bright silver luster and is reasonably stable in air. Three crystal modifications of the metal exist, with transformations at 734 and 922oC. The metal ignites in air at about 150oC. The sulfide has excellent high-temperature stability and good thermoelectric efficiencies up to 1100oC.
Twenty one isotopes of samarium exist. Natural samarium is a mixture of several isotopes, three of which are unstable with long half-lives.
Samarium, along with other rare earths, is used for carbon-arc lighting for the motion picture industry. SmCo5 has been used in making a new permanent magnet material with the highest resistance to demagnetization of any known material. It is said to have an intrinsic coercive force as high as 2200 kA/m. Samarium oxide has been used in optical glass to absorb the infrared. Samarium is used to dope calcium fluoride crystal for use in optical lasers or lasers. Compounds of the metal act as sensitizers for phosphors excited in the infrared; the oxide exhibits catalytic properties in the dehydration and dehydrogenation of ethyl alcohol. It is used in infrared absorbing glass and as a neutron absorber in nuclear reactors.
Reference: Los Alamos National Laboratory, <http://periodic.lanl.gov/elements/62.html>
GENERAL
PROPERTIES
|
Symbol: |
Sm |
|
Atomic
Number: |
62 |
|
Atomic
Weight: |
150.4 |
|
Density: |
7.520
gm/cc |
|
Melting
Point: |
1077
oC |
|
Boiling
Point: |
1791
oC |
|
Thermal
Conductivity: |
0.133
W/cm/oK
@ 298.2 oK |
|
Electrical
Resistivity: |
88.0
microhm-cm @ 25 oC |
|
Electronegativity: |
1.2
Paulings |
|
Specific
Heat: |
0.043
Cal/g/oK
@ 25 oC |
|
Heat
of Vaporization: |
46
K-cal/gm atom at 1791 oC |
|
Heat
of Fusion: |
2.60
Cal/gm mole |
|
Thermal
Neutron Cross Section: |
55
Barns per Atom |
|
Magnetic
Susceptibility: |
1320x10-6
Emu
@ Room Temp Magnetic |
|
Magnetic
Moment: |
1.5
Bohr Magnetons |
|
Temperature
Coefficient of Resistance: |
0.00148
@ 0 oC
to Room Temp
|
TYPICAL ANALYSES
Impurities in ppm
|
Material
/ Purity: |
3N
|
|
Ca |
<100 |
|
Eu |
<100 |
|
Fe |
<100 |
|
Gd |
<500 |
|
Mg |
<300 |
|
Nd |
<500 |
|
Al |
<100 |
|
Mn |
200 |
|
Si |
<100 |
|
Y |
<100 |
|
Yb |
<100 |
SAMARIUM ROD
|
Material |
Purity |
|
Samarium
Rod .250” |
3N |
|
Samarium
Rod .500” |
3N |
Rod is
cut to order and sold by the inch or foot.
SAMARIUM FOIL
|
Material
|
Purity |
|
Samarium
Foil .001” |
3N |
|
Samarium
Foil .002” |
3N |
|
Samarium
Foil .003” |
3N |
|
Samarium
Foil .004” |
3N |
|
Samarium
Foil .005” |
3N |
|
Samarium
Foil .006” |
3N |
|
Samarium
Foil .007” |
3N |
|
Samarium
Foil .008” |
3N |
|
Samarium
Foil .009” |
3N |
Foil is
cut to order and sold by the square inch or square foot.
SAMARIUM SHEET
|
Material |
Purity |
|
Samarium
Sheet .010” to 0.040” |
3N |
Sheet is
cut to order and sold by the square inch or square foot.
SAMARIUM SPUTTERING
TARGETS
|
Material |
Purity |
|
Samarium
Sputtering Target 2"D X .125"T |
3N |
|
Samarium
Sputtering Target 2"D X .250"T |
3N |
|
Samarium
Sputtering Target 3"D X .125"T |
3N |
|
Samarium
Sputtering Target 3"D X .250"T |
3N |
|
Samarium
Sputtering Target 4"D X .125"T |
3N |
|
Samarium
Sputtering Target 4"D X .250"T |
3N |
Additional
sizes available upon request.
SAMARIUM POWDER, SHOT,
PELLETS, & INGOT
|
Material |
Purity |
|
Samarium
Chips or Ingot |
3N |
|
Samarium
Powder Mesh -40 |
3N |
|
Samarium
Powder -40 Mesh, Ampoules Under Dry Argon |
3N |
| Samarium
Powder -40 Mesh, Cans Under Dry Argon |
3N |
Powder,
shot, pellets, and ingots are packaged to order and sold by the gram or
kilogram.
COMPOUNDS
|
Material |
Purity |
|
Samarium
Aluminide SmAl2
1/4" Pieces by Down 2N5 |
2N5 |
|
Samarium
Antimonide SmSb 1/4" Pieces by Down 2N5 |
2N5 |
|
Samarium
Arsenide SmAs 1/4" Pieces by Down 2N5 |
2N5 |
|
Samarium
Bismuthide SmBi 1/4" Pieces by Down 2N5 |
2N5 |
|
Samarium
Boride SmB6
-325 Mesh 3N |
3N |
|
Samarium
Bromide SmBr3-xH2O
-60 Mesh 3N |
3N |
|
Samarium
Bromide SmBr3
-60 Mesh 3N |
3N |
|
Samarium
Chloride SmCl3-xH2O
-60 Mesh 3N |
3N |
|
Samarium
Chloride SmCl3
-60 Mesh 3N |
3N |
|
Samarium
Fluoride SmF3
1/4"-1/8" Pieces 3N |
3N |
|
Samarium
Fluoride SmF3
-60 Mesh 3N |
3N |
|
Samarium
Fluoride SmF3
-325 Mesh 3N |
3N |
|
Samarium
Iodide SmI3-xH2O
-60 Mesh 3N |
3N |
|
Samarium
Iodide SmI3
-60 Mesh 3N |
3N |
|
Samarium
Nitride SmN -60 Mesh 3N |
3N |
|
Samarium
Oxide Sm2O3
-325 Mesh 3N 5N |
3N,
5N |
|
Samarium
Oxide Sm2O3
1/2"-1/8" Pieces 3N |
3N |
|
Samarium
Phosphide SmP -60 Mesh 2N5 |
2N5 |
|
Samarium
Selenide Sm-Se -100 Mesh 3N |
3N |
|
Samarium
Silicide SmSi2
1/4" Pieces by Down 3N |
3N |
|
Samarium
Sulfide Sm2S3
-200 Mesh 3N |
3N |
|
Samarium
Telluride Sm2Te3
-20 Mesh 3N |
3N |
Compounds
are packaged to order and sold by the gram or kilogram.
|
Material
Safety Data Sheet - MSDS |