Europium (Eu)
MATERIAL
OVERVIEW
(Europe) In 1890 Boisbaudran obtained basic fractions from samarium-gadolinium concentrates which had spark spectral lines not accounted for by samarium or gadolinium. These lines subsequently have been shown to belong to Europium. The discovery of Europium is generally credited to Demarcay, who separated the rare earth in reasonably pure form in 1901. The pure metal was not isolated until recent years.
Europium is now prepared by mixing Eu2O3 with a 10%-excess of lanthanum metal and heating the mixture in a tantalum crucible under high vacuum. The element is collected as a silvery-white metallic deposit on the walls of the crucible.
As with other rare-earth metals, except for lanthanum, Europium ignites in air at about 150 to 180oC. Europium is about as hard as lead and is quite ductile. It is the most reactive of the rare-earth metals, quickly oxidizing in air. It resembles calcium in its reaction with water. Bastnasite and monazite are the principal ores containing Europium.
Europium has been identified spectroscopically in the sun and certain stars. Seventeen isotopes are now recognized. Europium isotopes are good neutron absorbers and are being studied for use in nuclear control applications.
Europium oxide is now widely used as a phospor activator and Europium-activated yttrium vanadate is in commercial use as the red phosphor in color TV tubes. Europium-doped plastic has been used as a laser material. With the development of ion-exchange techniques and special processes, the cost of the metal has been greatly reduced in recent year.
Reference: Los Alamos National Laboratory, <http://periodic.lanl.gov/elements/63.html>
GENERAL
PROPERTIES
|
Symbol: |
Eu |
|
Atomic
Number: |
63 |
|
Atomic
Weight: |
151.96 |
|
Density: |
5.243
gm/cc |
|
Melting
Point: |
822
oC |
|
Boiling
Point: |
1597
oC |
|
Thermal
Conductivity: |
0.139
W/cm/oK
@ 298.2 oK |
|
Electrical
Resistivity: |
90.0
microhm-cm @ 25 oC |
|
Electronegativity: |
- |
|
Specific
Heat: |
0.0421
Cal/g/oK
@ 25 oC |
|
Heat
of Vaporization: |
42
K-Cal/gm atom at 1597 oC |
|
Heat
of Fusion: |
2.50
Cal/gm mole |
|
Thermal
Neutron Cross Section: |
4600
Barns per Atom |
|
Magnetic
Susceptibility: |
224x10-6
Emu
@ Room Temp |
TYPICAL ANALYSES
Impurities in ppm
|
Material
/ Purity: |
3N
|
|
Gd |
<100 |
|
Sm |
<100 |
|
Fe |
200 |
|
Si |
100 |
|
Nd |
<100 |
|
Ca |
<100 |
|
Mg |
<100 |
|
Al |
<100 |
|
Y |
<100 |
|
Tb |
<100 |
|
Nd |
<100 |
|
Ni |
<100 |
EUROPIUM ROD
|
Material |
Purity |
|
Europium
Rod .250” |
3N |
|
Europium
Rod .500” |
3N |
Additional
diameters can be manufactured in 7-10 days.
Rod is cut to order and sold by the inch.
EUROPIUM FOIL
|
Material
|
Purity |
|
Europium
Foil .001” |
3N |
|
Europium
Foil .002” |
3N |
|
Europium
Foil .003” |
3N |
|
Europium
Foil .004” |
3N |
|
Europium
Foil .005” |
3N |
|
Europium
Foil .006” |
3N |
|
Europium
Foil .007” |
3N |
|
Europium
Foil .008” |
3N |
|
Europium
Foil .009” |
3N |
Foil is
cut to order and sold by the square inch or square foot.
EUROPIUM SHEET
|
Material |
Purity |
|
Europium
Sheet .010” to 0.5” |
3N |
Sheet
thicknesses are available in increments of .001”.
Sheet is cut to order and sold by the square inch.
EUROPIUM SPUTTERING
TARGETS
|
Material |
Purity |
|
Europium
Sputtering Target 2"D X .125"T |
3N |
|
Europium
Sputtering Target 2"D X .250"T |
3N |
|
Europium
Sputtering Target 3"D X .125"T |
3N |
|
Europium
Sputtering Target 3"D X .250"T |
3N |
|
Europium
Sputtering Target 4"D X .125"T |
3N |
|
Europium
Sputtering Target 4"D X .250"T |
3N |
Additional
sizes and sputtering targets produced from compounds are available
upon request.
EUROPIUM POWDER,
SHOT, PELLETS, & INGOT
|
Material |
Purity |
|
Europium
Chips |
3N |
|
Europium
Pellets .250"D X .250"L |
3N |
|
Europium
Ingot |
3N |
|
Europium
Powder -40 Mesh, Under Oil |
3N |
|
Europium
Powder -40 Mesh, Ampoules Under |
3N |
| Europium
Powder -40 Mesh, Cans Under |
3N |
Powder,
pellets, and ingots are packaged to order and sold by the gram or kilogram.
EUROPIUM COMPOUNDS
|
Material |
Purity |
|
Europium
Boride EuB4
&
EuB6
-60 Mesh |
3N |
|
Europium
Bromide EuBr3-xH2O
-60 Mesh |
3N |
|
Europium
Bromide EuBr3
-60 Mesh |
3N |
|
Europium
Chloride EuCl3-xH2O
-60 Mesh |
3N |
|
Europium
Chloride EuCl3
-60 Mesh |
3N |
|
Europium
Fluoride EuF3
1/4"-1/8" Pieces |
3N |
|
Europium
Fluoride EuF3
1/4"-1/8" Pieces |
3N |
|
Europium
Fluoride EuF3
-60 & -235 Mesh |
3N |
|
Europium
Hydride EuH2-3
-60 Mesh |
3N |
|
Europium
Oxide Eu2O3
-325 Mesh |
3N,
4N5 |
|
Europium
Oxide Eu2O3
1/2" to 1/8" Pieces |
3N |
| Europium Selenide EuS -100 Mesh | 3N |
|
Europium
Silicide EuSi2
1/4" Pieces by Down |
3N |
|
Europium
Sulfide EuS -200 Mesh |
3N |
|
Europium Telluride EuTe -20 Mesh |
3N |
Compounds
are packaged to order and sold by the gram or kilogram.
|
Material
Safety Data Sheet - MSDS |